Data Encryption Standard - traducción al Inglés
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Data Encryption Standard - traducción al Inglés

EARLY UNCLASSIFIED SYMMETRIC-KEY BLOCK CIPHER
DataEncryptionStandard; Data Encryption Algorithm; Data encryption standard; Single DES; DES (cryptography)
  • DES cracking machine]] contained 256,856 custom chips and could brute-force a DES key in a matter of days—the photo shows a DES Cracker circuit board fitted with several Deep Crack chips.

Data Encryption Standard         
(informatica) norma standard per la codificazione dei dati, DES
primary data         
  • The two columns to the right of the left-most column in this computerized table are raw data.
DATA COLLECTED FROM A SOURCE, HAS NOT BEEN SUBJECT TO ANY OTHER MANIPULATION BY A SOFTWARE PROGRAM OR A HUMAN RESEARCHER, ANALYST OR TECHNICIAN
Raw score; Primary data; Raw Data
dati primari
data representation         
  • Stripe graphic
  • Variable-width bar chart relating population (along ''x'' axis), per-person greenhouse gas emissions (along ''y'' axis), and total greenhouse gas emissions (area as ''x*y'' product of values)
  • Projected (1) frequency and (2) intensity of extreme "10-year heat waves" are connected in pairs of horizontal and vertical bars, respectively. Bars are distinguished by (3) color-coded primary category (degree of global warming).
  • Selected milestones and inventions
  • Animated spiral graphic
  • Iconography of correlations
  • Observatory of Economic Complexity]]
  • Data visualization is one of the steps in analyzing data and presenting it to users.
  • Pie chart
  • Gantt chart
  • Heat map
  • Histogram of housing prices
  • Partial map of the Internet early 2005 represented as a graph, each line represents two [[IP addresses]], and some delay between those two nodes.
  • A data visualization from [[social media]]
  • Flowchart
  • Streamgraph
  • Radar chart
  • Box and whisker plot
  • Napoleonic France's invasion of Russia]], an early example of an information graphic
  • Planetary movements
  • Playfair TimeSeries
  • Economic Complexity]] of a given economy
  • Scatter plot
  • Basic scatterplot of two variables
  • Line chart
  • Network analysis
  • Bar chart of tips by day of week
  • Treemap
  • A time series illustrated with a line chart demonstrating trends in U.S. federal spending and revenue over time
  • A scatterplot illustrating negative correlation between two variables (inflation and unemployment) measured at points in time
  • Venn diagram
CREATION AND STUDY OF THE VISUAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA
Information visualization; Information visualisation; Data visualisation; Infovis; Information Visualization; Data presentation; Dataviz; Infoviz; Graphical tools; Data Visualization; Data presentation architecture; Data representation; Many Eyes; Visualization interface; Data Presentation Architecture; Datavisualization; Interactive data visualization; Data graphics; Data graphic; Data Visualisation; History of data visualization; Data visualizations; "data viz"; Data viz; Data visualization; Data storytelling; Data story telling; Storytelling with data; Variwide
rappresentazione dei dati

Definición

Data Encryption Standard
(DES) The NBS's popular, standard encryption algorithm. It is a product cipher that operates on 64-bit blocks of data, using a 56-bit key. It is defined in FIPS 46-1 (1988) (which supersedes FIPS 46 (1977)). DES is identical to the ANSI standard Data Encryption Algorithm (DEA) defined in ANSI X3.92-1981. DES has been implemented in VLSI. SunOS provides a des command which can make use of DES hardware if fitted. Neither the software nor the hardware are supposed to be distributed outside the USA. Unix manual pages: des(1), des(3), des(4). (1994-12-06)

Wikipedia

Data Encryption Standard

The Data Encryption Standard (DES ) is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of 56 bits makes it too insecure for modern applications, it has been highly influential in the advancement of cryptography.

Developed in the early 1970s at IBM and based on an earlier design by Horst Feistel, the algorithm was submitted to the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) following the agency's invitation to propose a candidate for the protection of sensitive, unclassified electronic government data. In 1976, after consultation with the National Security Agency (NSA), the NBS selected a slightly modified version (strengthened against differential cryptanalysis, but weakened against brute-force attacks), which was published as an official Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for the United States in 1977.

The publication of an NSA-approved encryption standard led to its quick international adoption and widespread academic scrutiny. Controversies arose from classified design elements, a relatively short key length of the symmetric-key block cipher design, and the involvement of the NSA, raising suspicions about a backdoor. The S-boxes that had prompted those suspicions were designed by the NSA to remove a backdoor they secretly knew (differential cryptanalysis). However, the NSA also ensured that the key size was drastically reduced so that they could break the cipher by brute force attack. The intense academic scrutiny the algorithm received over time led to the modern understanding of block ciphers and their cryptanalysis.

DES is insecure due to the relatively short 56-bit key size. In January 1999, distributed.net and the Electronic Frontier Foundation collaborated to publicly break a DES key in 22 hours and 15 minutes (see chronology). There are also some analytical results which demonstrate theoretical weaknesses in the cipher, although they are infeasible in practice. The algorithm is believed to be practically secure in the form of Triple DES, although there are theoretical attacks. This cipher has been superseded by the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). DES has been withdrawn as a standard by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Some documents distinguish between the DES standard and its algorithm, referring to the algorithm as the DEA (Data Encryption Algorithm).